This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview A sprain is a stretching or tearing of ligaments — the tough bands of fibrous tissue that connect two bones together in your joints. Sprained ankle Open pop-up dialog box Close. Sprained ankle A sprained ankle is the stretching or tearing of ankle ligaments, which support the joint by connecting bones to each other. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic.
Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Sprains and strains. Accessed April 27, Walls RM, et al. General principles of orthopedic injuries. Philadelphia, Pa. What is a sprain? What is a strain? What are the signs that my child has a sprain or strain? Symptoms for sprains and strains are similar and may include: pain and swelling in the injured area difficulty using or moving the injured area in a normal way warmth, bruising , or redness in the injured area When should my child see a doctor?
See your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following occur: Your child has severe pain and cannot put any weight on the injured joint. The injured area is very tender when you touch it. Your child says the injured area is numb. These above non-operative methods should always be considered the first-line treatment in any patient with recurrent ankle sprains.
Improved proprioception and muscle strengthening can be very successful in managing these patients, and current data do not support using surgical treatments unless a full course of physical therapy has failed to bring the patient back to full strength and mobility. Patients with recurrent sprains can benefit significantly from a guided therapy program focusing on strengthening the peroneal muscles the muscles on the outside of the calf , which can improve dynamic ankle stability.
Patients usually reach a maximum benefit at 6 to12 weeks. Any patient who exhibits recurrent sprains, ankle rolling or other instability after that time or has associated injuries such as swelling, locking or catching may be a candidate for surgery.
These patients should be evaluated by an orthopedist to discuss optimal management to decrease the risk for future ankle problems such as arthritis. Ankle Sprain Types and Treatments. These studies show that this can be due to a number of problems, including: Torn or dislocated tendons Underlying cartilage damage Recurring chronic ankle sprains It is not clear how many cases of chronic ankle sprain result from a single, initial ankle sprain.
Anatomic Classifications Grade I ankle sprain — lateral ligaments are strained overstretched Grade II ankle sprain — partial tearing of one or several of these ligaments Grade III ankle sprain — complete rupture tear one or more of the lateral ligaments Functional Classifications Grade I injury — the patient is able to fully weight bear and walk Grade II injury — the patient walks with a noticeable limp Grade III — the patient is unable to walk These grading systems can also predict timelines for recovery, which range from 1 to 2 weeks Grade I to 6 to 8 weeks Grade III.
Treatments It is very important to reduce swelling in the immediate post-injury period. Understanding the injury and the degrees of an ankle sprain will get you on the road to a fast recovery. Any movement that suddenly twists the foot beyond the natural range of motion can cause an ankle sprain such as When an ankle is sprained, the ankle bone itself is uninjured. It is the ligaments surrounding the ankle bone that suffer. Ligaments are structures in every joint in the body that help control the joint's movement.
The ligament will become injured if it is stretched too far and could result in a partial or complete tear. There are two different types of an ankle sprain. First degree symptoms - a first degree ankle sprain is when the ligaments have been stretched but not torn.
Symptoms include:. Second degree symptoms - a second degree ankle sprain is the most common of ankle injuries and is a partial tearing of the ligament.
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