The office re-opened on June 10, , closed again on August 15, , reopened April 24, , closed again March 15, , then reestablished June 6, The office was raised to the rank of Consulate General July 1, Earliest extant date July 6, ; last extant date June 20, Earliest extant date July 31, ; last extant date September 26, John N.
Gatch, Jr. John L. Tappin was appointed Ambassador on the same day, and presented his credentials on November 16, Relations were not formally severed during this time. It became the U. Liaison Office on June 28, with Gregory L. Berry as the Principal Officer. The U. On September 22, , the U. Embassy in Tripoli resumed operations. Ambassador to Libya, J. Christopher Stevens and three other American colleagues were killed on September 11, , during an attack on the U.
Legislative elections were held on June 25, , Candidates representing secular non-Islamist factions won a majority of the seats in the House of Representatives. Islamist candidates won about 30 seats in the Council of Deputies. Government troops clashed with Islamic militants in Benghazi on June 25, , resulting in the deaths of five individuals.
Government troops clashed with Islamic militants in Benghazi on July 13, , resulting in the deaths of at least six individuals. On July 15, , the U. Islamic militants attacked a government military base in Benghazi on July 21, , resulting in the deaths of at least seven individuals.
At least four government soldiers were killed in suicide bombings at a government military base in Benghazi on July 22, Government troops clashed with Islamic militants in Benghazi on July , , resulting in the deaths of at least nine individuals. Islamic militants captured a government military base in Benghazi on July , , resulting in the deaths of at least 75 individuals mostly government soldiers. The UN mediated ceasefire negotiations in Tripoli beginning on August 8, Colonel Muhammad Suwaysi, head of the police in Tripoli, was assassinated in Tajoura on August 12, Rival militias clashed in Tripoli on August 13, , resulting in the deaths of five individuals.
Some five individuals were killed in airstrikes in Tripoli on August , The Turkish government condemned violence in Libya and appealed for a ceasefire on August 25, The European Council heads of state and government of the EU condemned the violence in Libya and appealed for a ceasefire on August 31, Islamic militants launched an offensive to capture the Benina airport near Benghazi on October , , resulting in the deaths of more than 40 government soldiers.
Islamic militias clashed with rival militias in the town of Kikla on October 11, , resulting in the deaths of at least 23 individuals. Some individuals were killed in the fighting in Benghazi from October 15, to January 8, The Libyan government-funded militia, Zintan Brigade, captured the town of Kikla from Islamic militias on November 1, , resulting in the deaths of 18 individuals.
Five individuals were killed in car bombings in eastern Libya on November 12, Government military aircraft bombed the Tripoli airport on November , Government aircraft bombed Zawura on December 2, , resulting in the deaths of at least three individuals. On December 3, , government troops launched a military offensive to recapture Tripoli.
Government military aircraft attacked targets near the ports of Ras Lanuf and Es-Sider on December 13, , resulting in the deaths of at least four individuals. Islamic militants attacked a power plant in Sirte on December 25, , resulting in the deaths of at least 19 government soldiers. Islamic militants, members of the Libya Dawn militia, attacked the port of al Sidra on December 25, , resulting in the deaths of 22 government soldiers. Government military aircraft bombed Misrata on December 28, On December 29, , the Turkish government condemned the airstrikes against Misrata.
UN-sponsored negotiations between representatives of the rival groups took place in Geneva, Switzerland on January , The rival groups declared a partial ceasefire with Islamic militias in western Libya on January 18, Some 2, individuals have been killed and some , individuals have been displaced during the conflict.
Ahmida, Ali Abdullatif. The Making of Modern Libya. Khadduri, Majid. Pelt, Adrian. Libyan Independence and the United Nations.
Simons, Geoff. Libya: The Struggle for Survival. London: MacMillan Press. UCA dedicates itself to academic vitality, integrity, and diversity. Political Science. Vandewalle, Dirk. New York: St. Search UCA. Events November UCA Day of Service. November Cirque Mechanics Birdhouse Factory. Libya, a mostly desert and oil-rich country with an ancient history, has more recently been known for the year rule of the mercurial Colonel Muammar Gaddafi - and the chaos that has followed his departure.
Libya was under foreign rule for centuries until it gained independence in Soon after oil was discovered and earned the country immense wealth. Colonel Gaddafi seized power in and ruled for four decades until he was toppled in following an armed rebellion assisted by Western military intervention. In recent years the country has been a key springboard for migrants heading for Europe, and a source of international tension as rival governments in the west and east seek to establish nationwide control.
The toppling of long-term leader Muammar Gaddafi in led to a power vacuum and instability, with no authority in full control. The country has splintered, and since has been divided into competing political and military factions based in Tripoli and the east. The key leaders are Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh, head of the internationally-recognised government in Tripoli, and Khalifa Haftar, leader of the Libyan National Army, which controls much of eastern and southern Libya.
Islamic State group briefly took advantage of the conflict to seize control of several coastal cities including Sirte. It retains a presence in the desert interior.
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